| 李培,王文娟,李云云,李昀轩,郭玉兴.口腔手术显微镜在下颌近中阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的应用[J].口腔材料器械杂志,2025,34(4):247-251. |
| 口腔手术显微镜在下颌近中阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的应用 |
| Application of oral surgical microscope in the extraction of mandibular mesial-impacted third molars |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-25 修订日期：2025-07-16 |
| DOI：10.11752/j.kqcl.2025.04.10 |
| 中文关键词: 口腔手术显微镜 下颌近中阻生第三磨牙 牙拔除术 应用 |
| 英文关键词:Oral surgical microscope Mesial-impacted mandibular third molar Tooth extraction Application |
| 基金项目:北京市卫生健康科技成果和适宜技术推广项目(BHTPP2024021) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨口腔手术显微镜在下颌近中阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的应用效果，为临床推广工作提供参考。方法 将72例下颌近中阻生第三磨牙拔除术的患者随机平均分为试验组和对照组，每组36例，分别在口腔手术显微镜下和肉眼直视下进行第三磨牙拔除，比较两组患者手术时间、术后肿胀反应、术后疼痛反应、术后张口受限程度和并发症发生率，并比较医生为两组患者手术操作后的综合疲乏程度。结果 试验组手术时间（14.24±2.51 min）短于对照组（17.69±3.43 min），试验组患者肿胀程度、术后24 h及48 h疼痛程度、张口受限程度（分别为4.83±1.16 mm、2.07±0.52、1.65±0.24、17.85±11.86%）均轻于对照组（分别为5.64±1.37 mm、2.79±0.68、1.95±0.36、21.36±10.94%），医生在试验组患者手术后综合疲乏程度（3.61±0.65）轻于对照组（4.75±1.02），以上各项指标的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组术后并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 口腔手术显微镜用于下颌近中阻生第三磨牙拔除，可有效缩短手术时间，降低肿胀反应、疼痛程度和张口受限程度，减轻医生身心综合疲乏程度，值得进一步推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of the oral surgical microscope in the extraction of mandibular mesial-impacted third molars and provide a reference for its clinical promotion. Methods Seventy-two patients undergoing extraction of mandibular mesial-impacted third molars were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group（n=36 each group）. Extractions were performed under an oral surgical microscope in the experimental group and under direct vision in the control group. Operation time, postoperative swelling, postoperative pain at 24 h and 48 h, degree of mouth-opening limitation, incidence of complications, and surgeons’ overall fatigue levels after the procedures were compared between the two groups. Results The operation time of the experimental group（14.24±2.51 min） was shorter than that of the control group（17.69±3.43 min）. The experimental group showed lower swelling（4.83±1.16 mm vs. 5.64±1.37 mm）, lower postoperative pain scores at 24 h and 48 h（2.07±0.52 and 1.65±0.24 vs. 2.79±0.68 and 1.95±0.36）, and less mouth-opening limitation（17.85±11.86% vs. 21.36±10.94%）. Surgeons’ overall fatigue scores were also lower in the experimental group（3.61±0.65 vs. 4.75±1.02）. All differences above were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. The incidence of postoperative complications showed no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）. Conclusion The use of an oral surgical microscope in the extraction of mandibular mesial-impacted third molars can effectively shorten operation time, reduce postoperative swelling, pain, and mouth-opening limitation, and alleviate the surgeons’ physical and mental fatigue, supporting its wider clinical use. |
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