| 陈倩,李翠薇,赵松博,谷文惠.牙骨粉改善拔牙术后重度再吸收牙槽窝的临床效果[J].口腔材料器械杂志,2026,35(1):34-38. |
| 牙骨粉改善拔牙术后重度再吸收牙槽窝的临床效果 |
| Clinical efficacy of autogenous bone powder in improving alveolar sockets with severe resorption after tooth extraction |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-12 修订日期：2025-03-25 |
| DOI：10.11752/j.kqcl.2026.01.06 |
| 中文关键词: 自体牙骨粉移植 牙槽嵴 牙槽窝 重度再吸收 |
| 英文关键词:Autogenous bone meal transplantation Alveolar ridge Alveolar socket Severe resorption |
| 基金项目:保定市科技计划(2241ZF357) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究牙骨粉改善拔牙术后重度再吸收牙槽窝的临床效果。方法 选择80例拔牙后患者，随机分为观察组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。观察组使用自体牙骨粉移植，对照组患者则通过Bio-oss骨粉治疗。使用锥形束CT对含拔牙槽的下颌骨进行三维评估，采用ROI骨面积的百分比作为骨量的测量参数。于T0(拔牙前)、T1(拔牙后2周)、T2(拔牙后6个月)的牙槽嵴高度、宽度和骨量；进行锥形束CT检查，在最终三维模型中测量颊侧软组织剖面、颊侧骨厚度、颊侧软组织厚度；进行X线检查，并用KDI影像处理软件测量骨小梁面积百分比和骨小梁的厚度；通过X线骨密度分析法计算骨密度的变化。结果 与T0相比，两组患者的牙槽嵴高度、宽度、骨量、颊侧软组织剖面、颊侧骨厚度、颊侧软组织厚度均随着时间的延长而降低。其中观察组在T1、T2时的牙槽嵴高度、宽度和骨量高于对照组(P<0.05)，而颊侧软组织剖面、颊侧骨厚度、颊侧软组织厚度低于对照组(P<0.05)。另外，观察组在T1、T2时的牙槽窝骨小梁面积百分比、骨小梁厚度和新骨密度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 拔牙后重度再吸收牙槽窝使用自体牙骨粉移植，不仅能防止拔牙后剩余牙槽嵴的再吸收，保存拔牙患者牙槽窝的骨高度和骨宽度，还可促进新骨形成、修复骨缺损。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of dental bone powder in improving alveolar sockets with severe resorption after tooth extraction. Methods A total of 80 patients with severe alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction were enrolled and randomly divided into an observation group(n=40) and a control group(n=40). The observation group received autogenous dental bone powder transplantation, while the control group received Bio-Oss bone graft material. Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) was used to perform a three-dimensional evaluation of the mandible at the extraction site, measuring the bone volume in the region of interest(ROI). CBCT scans were performed at three time points: T0(pre-extraction), T1(2 weeks post-extraction), and T2(6 months post-extraction), to assess alveolar ridge height, width, and bone volume. Based on these data, soft tissue models were reconstructed to measure buccal soft tissue profile, buccal bone thickness, and buccal soft tissue thickness. Additionally, trabecular bone area percentage and thickness were analyzed using KDI imageprocessing software, and changes in bone density were evaluated by X-ray bone densitometry. Results Compared with T0, the alveolar ridge height, width, and bone mass, as well as the buccal soft tissue profile, buccal bone thickness, and buccal soft tissue thickness, decreased gradually in both groups over time. However, the alveolar ridge height, width, and bone mass of the observation group at T1 and T2 were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The buccal soft tissue profile, buccal bone thickness, and buccal soft tissue thickness were significantly greater in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of alveolar trabecular bone area, trabecular thickness, and new bone density in the observation group at T1 and T2 were also significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The use of autogenous dental bone powder after tooth extraction can effectively prevent alveolar ridge resorption, maintain the bone height and width of the alveolar socket, and promote new bone formation and bone defect repair. |
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