| 乔金科.脱矿冻干同种骨移植物对拔牙后牙槽嵴保存的影响[J].口腔材料器械杂志,2026,35(2):79-84. |
| 脱矿冻干同种骨移植物对拔牙后牙槽嵴保存的影响 |
| Effect of demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-06 修订日期：2025-12-31 |
| DOI：10.11752/j.kqcl.2026.02.03 |
| 中文关键词: 牙槽嵴保存 脱蛋白牛骨矿物质 脱矿冻干同种骨移植物 水平宽度 垂直高度 |
| 英文关键词:Alveolar ridge preservation Deproteinized bovine bone mineral Demineralized freezedried bone allograft Horizontal width Vertical height |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究拔牙后植入脱蛋白牛骨矿物质（deproteinized bovine bone mineral，DBBM）和脱矿冻干同种骨移植物（demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft，DFDBA）对牙槽嵴保存效果的影响。方法 收集2021年9月至2023年9月在作者所在医院接受拔牙后牙槽嵴保存治疗的120例临床病例，其中空白组为拔牙窝仅覆盖胶原膜（32例），DBBM组为拔牙窝植入DBBM+胶原膜（43例），DFDBA组为拔牙窝植入DFDBA+胶原膜（45例）。分析不同材料植入后牙槽嵴水平宽度和垂直高度变化等情况。结果 术后15 d及术后30 d，DFDBA组愈合评分较空白组降低明显（P<0.05）。三组患者术后牙槽嵴宽度及高度均降低，与空白组相比，DBBM组和DFDBA组牙槽嵴水平宽度及颊舌侧垂直高度骨吸收量更少（P<0.05）。DFDBA组患者术后3个月、6个月的牙槽骨新骨轮廓评分均明显大于DBBM组（P<0.05）。术后3个月DFDBA组患者的骨粉颗粒大部分被新生骨质包绕，且骨质比较坚硬，而DBBM组患者牙槽嵴出现有不同程度的萎缩情况，且附龈比较窄。结论 DFDBA和DBBM作为拔牙后牙槽嵴保存的移植物材料均有效，但DFDBA在牙龈软组织愈合、新骨沉积量方面表现更佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the effects of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction. Methods A total of 120 patients who underwent alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction were included. The patients were assigned to three groups according to the grafting material used: a blank group (32 cases), in which the extraction socket was covered with a collagen membrane only; a DBBM group (43 cases), in which the extraction socket was grafted with DBBM plus a collagen membrane; and a DFDBA group (45 cases), in which the extraction socket was grafted with DFDBA combined with a collagen membrane. Changes in horizontal width and vertical height of the alveolar ridge after grafting were analyzed. Results At 15 and 30 days after surgery, healing scores were significantly lower in the DFDBA group than in the blank group (P<0.05). The width and height of the alveolar ridge decreased after surgery in all three groups. Compared with the blank group, the DBBM and DFDBA groups showed less resorption in horizontal ridge width and buccolingual vertical ridge height (P<0.05). At 3 and 6 months after surgery, alveolar new bone contour scores were significantly higher in the DFDBA group than in the DBBM group (P<0.05). At 3 months after surgery, most graft particles in the DFDBA group were surrounded by newly formed bone, which appeared relatively dense, whereas varying degrees of alveolar ridge atrophy and relatively narrow attached gingiva were observed in the DBBM group. Conclusion Both DFDBA and DBBM were effective grafting materials for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction, with DFDBA showing superior performance in gingival soft tissue healing and new bone deposition. |
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